12 Pounder Field Gun

The 12-pounder field gun was developed in the 1850s in France, and nicknamed the Napoleon after Emperor Napoleon III. It was capable of firing shot, case shot, shell, and canister. This variety of ammunition allowed the Napoleon to be very effective in long-range dueling, as well as short range against on-rushing infantry. The Napoleon had a 66 inch long tube of bronze with a bore diameter of 4.62 inches. This tube weighed 1227 pounds. The range at 5° elevation was 1619 yards with 2.5 pounds of powder charge.